Which statement accurately reflects the nature of science?

The nature of science is fundamentally grounded in the principles of inquiry, investigation, and evidence-based reasoning. The statement that science must explain its investigations and arguments reflects this essence, as science relies on clear articulation of methodologies, findings, and the reasoning behind conclusions drawn from empirical data.

Science seeks to provide explanations for natural phenomena through systematic observation, experimentation, and the formulation of theories and laws. This process requires transparency in how investigations are conducted and an obligation to present logical arguments that are substantiated by collected evidence. By explaining its investigations, science not only validates its processes but also allows others to understand, replicate, and challenge findings, which is foundational for the advancement of knowledge.

In contrast, options suggesting that science is solely about experimentation overlook the broader aspects of scientific inquiry, which include observation and theoretical reasoning. Disregarding empirical evidence directly opposes the scientific method, as the accumulation and analysis of data are critical for forming reliable conclusions. Additionally, claiming that science does not require logical conclusions misrepresents the fundamental role of logic and critical thinking in interpreting results and drawing meaningful insights from research endeavors.

Thus, the statement accurately capturing the nature of science emphasizes the necessity for comprehensive explanation and reasoning, which are essential for the credibility and advancement of scientific knowledge.