What is the term used for beliefs about phenomena one must accept as true to accept a theory?

The term for beliefs about phenomena that one must accept as true to embrace a theory is "assumptions." In the context of theoretical foundations, assumptions serve as foundational elements that underpin the entire theory. They are propositions that are accepted without direct evidence within the context of the theory, allowing for the exploration and development of further ideas. For instance, when a nurse adopts a particular theoretical framework, there are underlying beliefs about patient care, human behavior, or the nursing process that must be acknowledged as true for the theory to be applied effectively.

Conceptual frameworks refer to broader structures that organize and clarify theories, providing a visual representation of how concepts are related, rather than the fundamental beliefs themselves. Hypotheses, on the other hand, are specific, testable predictions derived from theories rather than the foundational beliefs required to accept the theory. Principles are general truths or laws that arise from established theories but do not reflect the prior acceptance of beliefs necessary to validate those theories in the first place. Thus, assumptions are central to the acceptance and application of any theoretical framework in nursing.